Saint Petersburg University of the Ministry Internal Affairs of Russian Federation (Kaliningradskiy filial, professor)
employee
Kaliningrad, Kalinigrad, Russian Federation
Annotation. Introduction. The article presents the results of a study of four criminal personality models developed within the framework of criminal law, operational-investigative, forensic and criminological sciences. The subject areas of each of the characteristics are analyzed: legal construction of the subject of the crime; operationally significant features, methods of disguise and contacts; identification signature and behavior style of the criminal; his average social portrait. Methods. The methodological basis of the study was the dialectical method of cognition. The methods of analysis and synthesis, comparative legal method, modeling, systems analysis, logical (formal-legal) method and others were used. Results. The study showed that each of the four models of criminal personality has its own vulnerabilities. The criminal-legal model is distinguished by excessive formalization. The operational-investigative model – by high uncertainty of the information obtained and the risk of provocation. The forensic model – by incompleteness of traces and subjectivity of interpretation. The criminology model – by concerns the rapid obsolescence of established generic criminal stereotypes. Solutions to these identified problems are seen in improving the regulatory framework, technically upgrading law enforcement agencies, and interdisciplinary cross-checking of information. It is also important to recognize the probabilistic nature of all existing criminal personality models and systematically refine them. No single model can be considered self-sufficient: an adequate response to the challenges of modern crime requires the use of comprehensive interdisciplinary knowledge.
Criminal personality, interdisciplinary approach, operational investigative model, criminal law qualification, criminalistic identification, criminological structure and typology, victimological profile
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