graduate student
St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
UDK 34 Право. Юридические науки
GRNTI 10.77 Уголовное право
TBK 75 Право. Юридические науки
The article deals with different points of view that have developed in the criminal law doctrine on the problem of qualifying the infliction of harm in conditions of necessary defense. The author presents his own analysis of the legal rules that form the institution of necessary defense. Application of rules on necessary defense is a topical theoretical and practical problem. In the theory of criminal law there is a different understanding of the legality and unlawfulness of causing harm in conditions of necessary defense. Using examples of law enforcement practice, as well as relying on the opinions of various legal scholars, the author systematizes the conditions for the legitimacy of necessary defense into two groups: 1) conditions for the emergence of the right to necessary defense, which, in their entirety, constitute its basis; 2) conditions that determine the limits of permissible protection, violation of which is qualified as exceeding the limits of necessary defense. The author proposes to consider the infliction of harm in conditions of necessary defense on the basis of the principles of proportionality and necessity, and qualify the act under consideration as exceeding the limits of necessary defense only in the case of violation of both principles. The analysis carried out in the article highlighted the need for some changes and additions to the regulatory legal acts.
necessary defense, breach of conditions, exceeding the limits, criminal liability, criminal law doctrine, law enforcement
1. Avdeeva E. V. Neobhodimaya oborona: aktual'nye voprosy zakonodatel'noy reglamentacii i pravoprimeneniya // Rossiyskiy sud'ya. - 2019. - № 1. - S. 16-17.
2. Aryamov A. A. Pravomernoe prichinenie vreda : monografiya. - Chelyabinsk: Izdatel'stvo Tat'yany Lur'e, 2004. - 340 s.
3. Afendikov V. S. Spornye aspekty sub'ektivnoy storony sostava prestupleniya, predusmotrennye ch. 1 st. 114 UK RF // Izvestiya vysshih uchebnyh zavedeniy. Severo-Kavkazskiy region. Obschestvennye nauki. - 2011. -№ 4 (164). - S. 88-99.
4. Borisov S. V., Dmitrenko A. P., Russkevich E. A. i dr. Neobhodimaya oborona, kraynyaya neobhodimost', zaderzhanie prestupnika (pravovaya ocenka deystviy sotrudnikov policii): nauchno-prakticheskoe posobie. - Moskva: Yurisprudenciya, 2012. - 192 s.
5. Dmitrenko A. P., Sarnickiy S. N. Nachal'nyy i konechnyy momenty sostoyaniya neobhodimoy oborony pri zaschite ot dlyaschihsya i prodolzhaemyh posyagatel'stv // Kubanskoe agentstvo sudebnoy informacii: yuridicheskiy setevoy elektronnyy zhurnal. - 2018. - № 2 (5). - S. 30-41 [Elektronnyy resurs]. - URL: pro-sud-123.ru (data obrascheniya: 31.01.2021).
6. Milyukov S. F., Pobegaylo E. F. Aktual'nye problemy primeneniya oruzhiya sotrudnikami pravoohranitel'nyh organov // Zakony Rossii: opyt, analiz, praktika. - 2006. - № 11. - S. 39-54.
7. Nikulenko A. V. Obstoyatel'stva, isklyuchayuschie prestupnost' deyaniya: problemy primeneniya normy o neobhodimoy oborone // Vestnik Volgogradskoy akademii MVD Rossii. - 2019. - № 1 (48). - S. 57-64.
8. Tarakanov I. A., Golovina E. N. Osobennosti sudebnogo tolkovaniya prevysheniya predelov neobhodimoy oborony // Penitenciarnoe pravo: yuridicheskaya teoriya i pravoprimenitel'naya praktika. - 2018. - № 4 (18). - S. 77-81.
9. Tarakanov I. A. Neobhodimaya oborona: specifika vospriyatiya oboronyayuschimsya licom haraktera i opasnosti posyagatel'stva / Aktual'nye voprosy sovershenstvovaniya rossiyskogo zakonodatel'stva i deyatel'nosti ugolovno-ispolnitel'noy sistemy: sbornik nauchnyh trudov / pod red. Tkachenko E. S. - Vladimir : Izd-vo Vladimir. yurid. inst. FSIN, 2019. - S. 358-366.
10. Tarakanov I. A., Sergeeva M. M. Osobennosti zakonodatel'nogo zakrepleniya prava na neobhodimuyu oboronu v Ugolovnom kodekse RF // Penitenciarnoe pravo: yuridicheskaya teoriya i pravoprimenitel'naya praktika. - 2019. - № 1 (19). - S. 105-109.
11. Pashe-Ozerskiy N. N. Neobhodimaya oborona i kraynyaya neobhodimost' po sovetskomu ugolovnomu pravu. - Moskva: Gosyurizdat, 1962. - S. 52.
